The Network of Scholars and Intellectual Mobility between Indonesia and Brunei in the Formation of the Malay-Nusantara Islamic Civilization

Abstract

The long history of Islam in the Malay-Nusantara region reflects the dynamic intersection of religion, culture, and science that gave birth to a distinctive and moderate Islamic civilization. In this context, the relationship between Indonesia and Brunei became a crucial node in the formation of Islamic scholarly networks in Southeast Asia. This study aims to uncover the patterns of ulama networks and intellectual mobility between the two countries, and to analyze their contributions to the formation of the Malay-Nusantara Islamic civilization. The method used is a qualitative approach with a historical documentary study design, through the exploration of various primary sources such as classical manuscripts, Islamic educational archives, religious works, and related academic literature. The results show that the Indonesian-Brunei ulama network was formed through educational relationships, da'wah, and written works, which played a crucial role in developing a rational and inclusive Islamic scholarly tradition. This intellectual mobility became the foundation for the formation of a Malay Islamic civilization oriented towards the values of moderation and progress. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of strengthening the Islamic intellectual network between countries as a basis for academic collaboration and the preservation of scientific heritage in the Southeast Asian region.