Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang Dengan Modus Operandi Kawin Kontrak Dikaitkan Dengan Undang Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2007 Tentang Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang

Abstract

Trafficking is a crime that is very degrading to human dignity and is a form of
human slavery in modern times. Often victims get exploitation that is out of the ordinary, so
trafficking must be eradicated and needs to get serious attention and handling, especially in
relation to contract marriages/bride orders based on Law No. 21 of 2007 concerning the
Criminal Act of Trafficking in Persons and the protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers
under Law No. 39 of 2004, which was changed to Law No. 18 of 2017 concerning the
Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers. Based on the foregoing, the identification of the
problem is as follows: First, how is the crime of trafficking in persons with the modus
operandi of contract marriages related to human rights? Second, how is the legal protection
of Indonesian migrant workers who become victims of trafficking according to the
applicable legislation? Trafficking is a crime that is very degrading to human dignity and is
a form of human slavery in modern times. Often victims get exploitation that is out of the
ordinary, so trafficking must be eradicated. It needs to get serious attention and treatment,
especially in relation to contract marriages/bride orders based on Law No. 21 of 2007
concerning the Criminal Act of Trafficking in Persons and the protection of Indonesian
Migrant Workers under Law No. 39 of 2004, which was changed to Law No. 18 of 2017
concerning the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers. Based on the foregoing, the
identification of the problem is as follows: First, how is the crime of trafficking in persons
with the modus operandi of contract marriages related to human rights? Second, what is the
legal protection of Indonesian migrant workers who are victims of trafficking according to
the applicable legislation? The research method is descriptive-analytical, and with a
normative juridical approach, it emphasizes secondary data. Data collection techniques are
used in addition to the study of documents, also by means of interviews and dissemination
to the parties concerned about matters relating to the topic of the problem under study. The
collected data is analyzed qualitatively. Based on the results of research and data analysis,
it can be concluded that: Factor's causing the crime of trafficking in persons (trafficking),
caused by two fundamental factors, first, the low level of socio-economic society (poverty).
Second, the low level of education (knowledge). These two things (poverty and knowledge)
are actually the responsibility of the state. In addition, law enforcement against, traffickers
are still not firm and consistent. And public and government awareness about trafficking is
inadequate. Legal protection for Indonesian Workers who are replaced as Indonesian
Migrant Workers who are victims of trafficking is related to Law Number 39 of 2004,
concerning the Placement and Protection of Indonesian Workers which is changed to Law
Number 18 of 2017 Concerning Indonesian Migrant Workers, abbreviated with PMI, namely
responsive and repressive legal protection in the form of: Protection before work; Protection
during work; and Protection after work.

Tindak pidana perdagangan orang (trafficking) merupakan tindakan kejahatan
yang sangat merendahkan martabat manusia dan merupakan bentuk perbudakan manusia di
zaman modern, yang merupakan perbuatan terburuk dari pelanggaran harkat dan martabat
manusia, sering kali korban mendapatkan ekploitasi yang berada di luar kewajaran, sehingga
trafficking harus diberantas, perlu mendapatkan perhatian dan penanganan yang serius,
khususnya dalam kaitan perkawinan kontrak/penganten pesanan berdasar Undang-Undang
No. 21 Tahun 2007 tentang Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang dan Perlindungan Pekerja
Migran Indonesia berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 2004 diganti menjadi
Undang-Undang No. 18 Tahun 2017 tentang Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia.
Berdasarkan hal tersebut di atas, maka identifikasi masalah adalah sebagai berikut: Pertama,
Bagaimana tindak pidana perdagangan orang (trafficking) dengan modus operandi kawin
kontrak dikaitkan dengan Hak Asasi Manusia ? Kedua, Bagaimanakah perlindungan hukum
terhadap pekerja migran Indonesia yang menjadi korban tindak pidana perdagangan orang
(trafficking) menurut perundang undangan yang berlaku? Metode penelitian bersifat
deskriptif analitis, dan dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif yang menekankan pada data
sekunder-teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan selairi dengan cara studi dokumen juga
dngan cara wawancara, desiminasi, kepada pihak-pihak terkait tentang hal-hal yang
berkaitan dengan topik masalah yang diteliti. Data-data yang terkumpul dianalisa secara
yuridis kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisa data, maka diperoleh kesimpulan
bahwa : Faktor penyebab terjadi tindak pidana perdagangan orang (trafficking), disebabkan
dua faktor yang mendasar, pertama, rendahnya tingkat sosial ekonomi masyarakat
(kemiskinan). Kedua, rendahnya tingkat pendidikan (pengetahuan). Dua hal tersebut
(kemiskinan dan pengetahuan) sesungguhnya adalah tanggung jawab negara. Selain itu
penegekan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana perdagangan orang (trafficking) masih
belum tegas dan konsisten. Dan kesadaran masyarakat serta pemerintah tentang trafficking
belum memadai. Perlindungan hukum terhadap Tenaga Kerja Indonesia yang diganti
menjadi Pekerja Migran Indonesia yang menjadi korban trafficking dikaitkan dengan
Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 2004, tentang Penempatan dan Perlindungan Tenaga
Kerja Indonesia yang diganti menjadi Undang-undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2017 tentang
Pekerja Migran Indonesia yang disingkat dengan PMI yaitu perlindungan hukum responsif
dan refresif berupa : Perlindungan sebelum bekerja; Pelindungan selama bekerja; dan
Pelindungan setelah bekerja.